STUDY MATERIALS

Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention.

Law of constant proportions, Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept : Relationship of mole to mass of the particles and numbers.

(Prove) Parallelograms on the same base and between the same parallels have equal area. (Motivate) Triangles on the same base (or equal bases) and between the same parallels are equal in area

Tropic movements in plants; Introduction of plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones

Diversity of plants and animals - basic issues in scientific naming, basis of classification. Hierarchy of categories / groups, Major groups of plants (salient features) (Bacteria, Thalophyta, Bryo phyta, Pteridophyta, gymnosperms and Angiosperms). Major groups of animals (salient features) (Non-chordates upto phyla and chordates upto classes).

Gravitation; universal law of gravitation, force of gravitation of the earth (gravity), acceleration due to gravity; mass and weight; free fall.

Modes of Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction

Motivate the area of a circle; area of sectors and segments of a circle. Problems based on areas and perimeter / circumference of the above said plane figures. (In calculating area of segment of a circle, problems should be restricted to central angle of 60°, 90° only. Plane figures involving triangles, simple quadrilaterals and circle should be taken.)

Health and its failure Infectious and Non-infectious diseases, their causes and manifestation Diseases caused by microbes (Virus, Bacteria and protozoans) and their prevention, Principles of treatment and prevention. Pulse Polio programmes

Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (four types in animals; meristematic and permanent tissues in plants).

What is Combustion? How Do We Control Fire? Types of Combustion Flame Structure of a Flame What is a Fuel? Fuel Efficiency

Introduction to Statistics Collection of data Presentation of data - Tabular form Ungrouped / grouped Bar graphs Histograms (with varying base lengths) Frequency polygons Qualitative analysis of data to choose the correct form of presentation for the collected data Mean, median, mode of ungrouped data.

Area of a triangle using Heron’s formula (without proof) and its application in finding the area of a quadrilateral.

Nature of sound and its propagation in various media, speed of sound, range of hearing in humans Ultrasound Reflection of sound; echo and SONAR Structure of the human ear (auditory aspect only)

Recall of linear equations in one variable. Introduction to the equation in two variables. Focus on linear equations of the type ax + by + c = 0. Prove that a linear equation in two variables has infinitely many solutions and justify their being written as ordered pairs of real numbers, plotting them and showing that they lie on a line. Graph of linear equations in two variables. Examples, problems from real life, including problems on Ratio and Proportion and with algebraic and graphical solutions being done simultaneously.